| 11. 
              Consonants 
      SCH is pronounced 
              SCHAH, CH is pronounced CHAH, and TSCH 
              is pronounced TSCHAH.  SCH is the shortest 
              stroke possible.      The above seven consonants, 
              which must now be learned, are derived from the elliptical figure 
                and they are always written downwards.
      12.  
              The following paragraphs require careful study. 
      FR, FL, 
              and WR are very common combinations and they must be written 
              without an angle.  The above examples show clearly 
              how they should be executed. 
      Between an oblique curve 
              (such as P, B, F, W) and a straight 
              line the circle is written outside the angle. 
      The first consonant 
              of a word rests on the line of writing. 
      The stroke for SCH 
              also represents the G in foreign words, the distinction 
              being shown, when necessary, by an oblique dash.      13.  This further 
              list of word-signs must now be memorized: 
      The following are a 
              few useful phrases to be carefully practiced: 
 14. Be- and Ge- 
      The prefix syllables 
              be and ge are represented by the consonants B 
              and G respectively.  (This method of representing 
              ge does not apply to the past participles of verbs, such 
              as gesehen. The writing of such words will be explained 
              later.)  The G is written above the line when preceding 
              a downstroke. 15.  The O hook 
      The lower part of the 
              small elliptical figure  represents, 
              when standing alone, the O is Rock; with a dot 
              beneath it, it represents the Ö in mögen; 
              with a short dash it represents the O in Tod or 
              the OH in Lohn. 
      The O hook 
              is turned on its side before N, M, R, 
              L, except when the immediately preceding consonant is a 
              downstroke.  Therefore: 
 16.  Word-Signs 
      The foregoing word-signs 
              are simple and easily memorized. - Next Page - |